Review Articles and Book Chapters

Authors: Erin Tiwold, Aron Gyorgypal, Shishir Chundawat

Article Link: Link

Abstract: Post-translational modification such as N-Glycosylation on biologics during the production of monoclonal antibody (mAb) based therapeutics is a critical quality attribute that dictates safety and efficacy. Variability is introduced in the cell culture process which influences, the glycosylation pattern which is known to be highly heterogenous and must be tightly controlled during the manufacturing process. Techniques have been developed for glycan screening through the use of new denaturation techniques; deglycosylation, fluorescent labeling, and analysis coupled to state-of-the-art tools consisting of multi attribute methods and multi attribute chromatography. In this review, we delve into advances within sample preparation techniques that allow for rapid and robust sample preparation as well as how these techniques are being used for innovative at-line high-throughput screening and PAT focused systems. Finally, we foresee how these advances will influence current manufacturing practices and enable bioprocess automation. The future state of biomanufacturing looks to decrease process costs while increasing process understanding and quality for novel biologic candidates and biosimilars

Authors: Shyamal Roy, Shishir PS Chundawat

Article Link: Link

Abstract: The shifting of crude oil–based refinery to biomass-based biorefinery has enticed compelling scientific interest which focuses on the development of cellulosic ethanol as an alternative transportation fuel to fossil fuels. Therefore, conversion of plentiful lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel as transportation fuels will be a feasible alternative for boosting energy security and abating greenhouse gas emissions. Strong intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds in cellulose make it highly recalcitrant to enzyme or catalyst catalyzed deconstruction to fuels and chemicals. Decrystallization of cellulose using solvents like anhydrous ammonia or ionic liquids can overcome biomass recalcitrance to deconstruction. Here, review of various chemicals and related pretreatment processes used to decrystallize/solubilize cellulose that facilitates rapid downstream processing of biomass into biofuels. Here, we will mostly focus on recent advances made in the use of non-derivatizing ionic liquids for biomass pretreatment. We explore the role of solvent-substrate molecular properties (e.g., hydrophobicity, hydrogen bonding) on decrystallization/dissolution mechanism of cellulose as well as the operational challenges (e.g., viscosity, toxicity, recyclability) of using such solvent systems in commercially relevant biorefinery processes.

Authors: Viki Chopda, Aron Gyorgypal, Ou Yang, Ravendra Singh, Rohit Ramachandran, Haoran Zhang, George Tsilomelekis, Shishir PS Chundawat, Marianthi G Ierapetritou

Article Link: Link

Abstract: Continuous bioprocessing is significantly changing the biological drugs (or biologics) manufacturing landscape by potentially improving product quality, process stability, and overall profitability, as was similarly seen during the adoption of advanced manufacturing processes for small molecule drugs in the past decade. However, the implementation of continuous manufacturing for biological processes producing protein-based drug molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), is facing several new hurdles. The barriers to continuous bioprocessing can be overcome through improved process understanding via better predictive capabilities enabled by hybrid modeling that can also lead to robust process control. This review article summarizes the recent advances and ongoing obstacles faced during the use of advanced process analytical technologies (PAT), process modeling, and control strategies to enable continuous manufacturing of mAbs. In addition, this review also discusses the process strategies and future directions of advanced continuous manufacturing approaches that have been adapted by other industries and that could be implemented for mAbs production soon.

Authors: Chandra Kanth Bandi, Ayushi Agrawal, Shishir PS Chundawat

Article Link: Link

Abstract: One of the stumbling blocks to advance the field of glycobiology has been the difficulty in synthesis of bespoke carbohydrate-based molecules like glycopolymers (e.g. human milk oligosaccharides) and glycoconjugates (e.g. glycosylated monoclonal antibodies). Recent strides towards using engineered Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes) like glycosyl transferases, transglycosidases, and glycosynthases for glycans synthesis has allowed production of diverse glycans. Here, we discuss enzymatic routes for glycans biosynthesis and recent advances in protein engineering strategies that enable improvement of CAZyme specificity and catalytic turnover. We focus on rational and directed evolution methods that have been developed to engineer CAZymes. Finally, we discuss how improved CAZymes have been used in recent years to remodel and synthesize glycans for biotherapeutics and biotechnology related applications.

Authors: Chao Zhao, Qianjun Shao, Shishir PS Chundawat

Article Link: Link

Abstract: Ammonia-based pretreatments have been extensively studied in the last decade as one of the leading pretreatment technologies for lignocellulose biorefining. Here, we discuss the key features and compare performances of several leading ammonia-based pretreatments (e.g., soaking in aqueous ammonia or SAA, ammonia recycled percolation or ARP, ammonia fiber expansion or AFEX, and extractive ammonia or EA). We provide detailed insight into the distinct physicochemical mechanisms employed during ammonia-based pretreatments and its impact on downstream bioprocesses (e.g., enzymatic saccharification); such as modification of cellulose crystallinity, lignin/hemicellulose structure, and other ultrastructural changes such as cell wall porosity. Lastly, a brief overview of process technoeconomics and environmental impacts are discussed, along with recommendations for future areas of research on ammonia-based pretreatments.

Authors: Zhao, C., Shao, Q., and Chundawat, S.P. S.

Book Title: Bioresource Technology, Nov. 2019, p. 122446. DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2019.122446

 

Authors: Chandel, A. K., Albarelli, J. Q., Santos, D. T., Chundawat, S. P. S.*, Puri, M., and Meireles, M. A. A.

Book Title: Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, vol. 13, Mar. 2019, p. bbb.1990. DOI: 10.1002/bbb.1990

Authors: Ong RG*, Chundawat SPS, Hodge DH, Keskar S, Dale BE

Book Title: Plants and Bioenergy (Advances in Plant Biology). 2014, 4, 231-253
 

Comments: Must Read Primer on Ammonia Based Biomass Pretreatment Technology!
Authors: Chundawat SPS*, Bals B, Campbell T, Sousa L, Gao D, Jin M, Eranki P, Garlock R, Teymouri F, Balan V, Dale BE

Edited By: Charles Wyman: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing; 2013, 169-200

 

Authors: Balan V*, Sousa L, Chundawat SPS, Humpula J, Dale BE

Book Title: Dynamic Biochemistry, Process Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 2012, 6 (Special Issue 2): 1-11

Authors: Balan V*, Bals B, Chundawat SPS, Jin M, Kumar S, Dale B

Edited By: Andrea Monti: Springer-Verlag London Ltd; 2012

Comments: Most Cited and Top 10 Downloaded Review Article for Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering!

Authors: Chundawat SPS*, Beckham GT*, Himmel ME, Dale BE

Book Title: Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 2011, 2, 121-145.

Authors: Chundawat SPS*, Balan V, Sousa L, Dale BE

Book Title: Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass

Edited By: Waldron K. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing; 2010

Authors: Sousa L*, Chundawat SPS, Balan V, Dale BE

Book Title: Current Opinion in Biotechnology 2009; 20:339-347.

Authors: Balan V*, Bals B, Chundawat SPS, Marshall D, Dale BE

Book Title: Methods and Protocols. Volume 581; 2009: 61-77: Methods in Molecular Biology